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Have you updated UEFI and SSD firmware to latest available?
Even new models may have an update.

New systems typically need new kernel & driers that are only in newer distributions.
So testing...

You have grub, but if only one install, menu should not normally appear.
If abnormal shutdown or some issue menu may appear so you can use recovery mode to make repairs.
Or you can change grub...

Do not know Mint and what installer it now uses. If still the Ubiquity installer you have to use one of the work arounds. But gpt partitioning in advance and making sure you have an ESP on external...

From this web page I go to Kubuntu and then daily live, pending. Other versions similar but same file name.
https://cdimage.ubuntu.com/

I copy noble final to oracular and zsync. only 9%...

I have both.
But always keep /home (only) in / (root) so user settings are on fastest drive and always available.
I do keep a large data partition where main working install of Kubuntu is on NVMe...

As a test, I just installed KDE Neon along side of my Kubuntu install on my larger external SSD.
It was almost the same, but they "forgot" the snaps. :)
This may be my go to for the future, still...

I do not think Boot-Repair knows about 32 bit UEFI on 64 bit systems.
I thought you just had to manually copy the 32 bit UEFI files.
...

Grub may not boot Windows if hibernated/fast startup on. Fast startup also sets hibernation flag. Or if Windows needs chkdsk or other repairs. You probably need a Windows repair/recovery drive or the...

Since Windows is in old BIOS boot on MBR(msdos) partitioned drive, your old install of Ubuntu must have been in old BIOS boot mode.
You do not have to reinstall to convert your UEFI install to BIOS...

With my Kubuntu install I do a bit of tuning for faster boot. It is Kubuntu but configuration files are mostly the same.
It then boots in about 1/3 of the time.

After most of the tuning
...

Boot-Repair report almost always shows this:
sudo efibootmgr -v

You should have at least two entries one for Windows & one for Ubuntu that use partUUID of ESP - efi system patition.
Your line...

At the top of gparted is Device.
A blank drive defaults to MBR, but you can change to gpt which for UEFI you want.
Since drive is gpt, not sure but I expect changing it to gpt may erase drive.
...

One possible solution:
https://askubuntu.com/questions/1305270/bitlocker-is-blocking-ubuntu-20-04-installation-in-a-dual-boot-system-with-windo

Does Windows boot directly from UEFI boot menu, not from grub.
If so then it is UEFI Secure boot, or if not a Windows issue.

I am anti-laptop, although I have two.
One newer laptop is for travel and has Windows just for taxes in US.
Other laptop is so old batteries have all died, but I was able to use it with an...

You also now show UEFI Secure Boot on.
Sometimes a Windows update also updates UEFI firmware resetting to defaults which may turn Secure Boot back on.
You may want to turn it off, but not...

Have you tried a lighter weight flavor?
https://ubuntu.com/download/flavours
Light weight flavors:
Lubuntu, Xubuntu, Ubuntu MATE, Budgie
Flavors of Ubuntu only come with three years of supported...

Ubuntu does not fit on DVD anymore.
Some of the lighter weight flavors may, but standard install is using a smaller USB flash drive. Install process with dd image copy of ISO to flash drive,...

Part of the advantage of Linux partitions is ownership & permissions. This help restrict unknown users from running apps from the system directly if ownership & permissions are set correctly.
...

Some UEFI firmware updates, reset UEFI to defaults.
That may turn UEFI Secure Boot on, or make other changes from any you may have made to install Ubuntu originally.

My desktop is now older and...

Backup Windows before you delete it.
We find many who totally erase Windows, then later find one app or game they have to have that only runs in Windows.

Make sure UEFI & SSD firmware are up to...

If you go to first post & header line, you should be able to edit title.

Drivers would not be on a drive, but on the installer, or would need to be added to the installer.

You should also make sure you have latest firmware for both UEFI & NVMe drives.

I have never...

Windows 7??
That was normally old BIOS/MBR configuration. Systems since 2012 are UEFI with gpt partitioning.
With old BIOS/MBR installs you only have one MBR (per drive).
So if you have two...

I use Kubuntu and no snaps.
I am using about 16GB of a 30GB partition.

Since Ubuntu now defaults to use a lot of snaps, I have seen users with 20Gb of snaps only. So now larger / is often...